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Germany
SdKfz 231 Schwere Panzerspähwagen (8 rad)
Ordnance classification - SdKfz 231

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The SdKfz 231 Schwere Panzerspähwagen was designed in 1935, manufactured by Duutsche Werke based on the existing 8 x 8 drive 8 Wheel Armoured Car and was in use from 1936 to 1943.

Flag of World War 2 Germany
Photo of SdKfz 231 Schwere Panzerspähwagen (8 rad)
SdKfz 231 Schwere Panzerspähwagen(8 rad) scale illustration

General Details
Specifications
Operational Date(s)1936 - 1943
Ordnance classificationSdKfz 231
Quantity Produced507
Weightunknown
Crew4
M.G's small1
M.G's large(>10mm)n/a
Length5.85 mtr
Width2.20 mtr
Height2.35 mtr
Engine Details/Performance
Max Road Speed53 mph
Max Cross Country Speed19 mph
Range Road188 miles
Range Cross Country84 miles
Fuel TypePetrol
Fuel Capacityunknown
Horse Power150 hp
Power/Weightunknown
General Information
The SdKfz 231 Schwere Panzerspähwagen was designed in 1935, manufactured by Duutsche Werke based on the existing 8 x 8 drive 8 Wheel Armoured Car and was in use from 1936 to 1943.

The vehicle was powered by Bussing-NAG 'L8V' petrol powerplant producing 150 HP which could drive the vehicle on roads at up to 53 mph with a range of about 188 miles before refuelling. Its cross country performance was good providing a max speed of about 19 mph and a range of about 84 miles.

It was armed with 1 light machine gun. Its main armament consisted of a 2.0cm Kwk 38 L/55 which could penetrate 18 mm of flat plate at 100 metres

After experience with the 6 wheeled heavy armoured cars, Germany started the development of the 8 wheeled vehicles in the early 1930s. These vehicles had all wheel drive and steering making them more effective cross country.

The vehicle was armed with a 2.0cm Kwk 38 L/55 gun in a rotating turret.

Armour Details
Turret
Front15mm@20°(16mm)
Side8mm@30°(9mm)
Rear8mm@30°(9mm)
Top6mm@85°(6mm)
Superstructure
Front15mm@28°(17mm)
Side8mm@35°(10mm)
Rear8mm@35°(10mm)
Top6mm@87°(6mm)
Hull
Front18mm@35°(22mm)
Side8mm@35°(10mm)
Rear10mm@25°(11mm)
Top5mm@90°(5mm)
Armour (x)mm @ (y)° (Effective mm @ 0°)
Effective Armour - Maximum 22 mm - Minimum 5 mm



Weapon Details
Flag
2.0cm Kwk 38 L/55
2.0cm Kampfwagenkanone 38 L/55
(translates as Tank Gun)
Blank
History
Improved version of the 2.0cm KwK 30 L/55 used on the Panzer II Ausf J and onward
Manufactured1940 - 1945
Calibre20mm
LengthL/55
Rate of Fire220 rpm
 
Ammunition Details
Name/Id Calibre Weight MVelocity Explosive Content
2.0cm PzGr 39
(AP Armor Piercing)
20mm 0.12Kg 899M/Sec
Quoted Penetration 23mm @ 100mtr/30° ( ≈ 26mm/0°)
Range(Mtr)1002004008001200160020002400
Flight Time(Secs) 0.12 0.25 0.59 1.68
Penetration(mm@30°) 18 13 9 5
Penetration(mm@0°) 21 16 11 6
Hit Probability(%) 98 98 98 81


 
2.0cm PzGr 40
(APCR Armor Piercing Composite Rigid)
20mm 0.115Kg 1060M/Sec
Quoted Penetration 40mm @ 100mtr/0°
Range(Mtr)1002004008001200160020002400
Flight Time(Secs) 0.1 0.21 0.47 1.26 2.88 7.67
Penetration(mm@30°) 35 31 25 17 10 4
Penetration(mm@0°) 41 36 30 20 12 5
Hit Probability(%) 98 98 98 93 34 2



2 cm Sprgr. 39
(HE High Explosive)
20mm 0.132Kg 995M/Sec 0.006Kg explosive
Maximum Range 2000 Mtr
Range(Mtr)1002004008001200160020002400
Flight Time(Secs) 0.11 0.22 0.5 1.35 3.05 8.12
Direct Fire
Range(Mtr)1002004008001200160020002400
Flight Time(Secs) 0.11 0.22 0.5 1.35 3.05 8.12
Hit Probability(%) 98 98 98 90 25 2
Blast/Fragmentation Effects
Burst radius Infantry in open 99% kill0 mtr Burst radius Infantry in open 66% kill0 mtr
Burst radius Infantry in open 33% kill1 mtr  Armour Penetration inc roof at 1 mtr0 mm
An explosion within 0 mtr of infantry in the open will cause > 66% casualties and could damage some AFV's.
An explosion within 1 mtr of infantry in the open will cause 33% casualties.
The blast effect of this shell exploding within 1 mtr of an armoured vehicle will not cause any significant armour damage.

Hit probability is based on a static 2 x 2.4 metre panel at 0 degrees(vertical) at the range specified.

The data that has been used to create these records has come from Wikipedia, The Lone Sentry, The Bundes Archive and numerous books and websites that have provided the detailed information that has not been available anywhere else. The information we use to calculate the penetration tables, flight times and the hit probability comes from the Gun Calibre, the Shell Mass(Kg) and the muzzle velocity, plus range reductions to allow for gravity and wind resistance. This calculation originally came from a pre-war Krupp calculation which has been modified, and seems to fit the actual test results.

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