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Canada
Light Tank M5A1 (Stuart)

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The Light Tank M5A1 was designed in 1941 based on the existing fully tracked Light Tank and was in use from 1942 to 1990.

Flag of World War 2 Canada
Light Tank M5A1(Stuart) scale illustration

General Details
Specifications
Operational Date(s)1942 - 1990
Quantity Produced6810
Weight15 tonne
Crew4
M.G's small3
M.G's large(>10mm)n/a
Length4.89 mtr
Width2.31 mtr
Height2.43 mtr
Engine Details/Performance
Max Road Speed40 mph
Max Cross Country Speed24 mph
Range Road100 miles
Range Cross Country40 miles
Fuel TypePetrol
Fuel Capacity89 gal
Horse Power220 hp
Power/Weight14 hp/tonne
General Information
The Light Tank M5A1 was designed in 1941 based on the existing fully tracked Light Tank and was in use from 1942 to 1990.

The vehicle was powered by Cadilac 'Series 42' petrol powerplant producing 220 HP which could drive the vehicle on roads at up to 40 mph with a range of about 100 miles before refuelling. Its cross country performance was good providing a max speed of about 24 mph and a range of about 40 miles.

It was armed with 3 light machine guns which were 0.3 inch Browning Machine Gun M1919A4s. Its main armament consisted of a 37mm Antitank Gun M3 which could penetrate 71 mm of flat plate at 100 metres Its main armament consisted and a 37mm Antitank Gun M6 which could penetrate 71 mm of flat plate at 100 metres.

The Light tank M5A1 was a tank based on the M5 with the 37mm anti tank gun having a gyrostabiliser.

The power was provided by twin Cadillac 121hp petrol engines, driving through the front drive wheel, then via 2 pairs of road wheels to a rear idler then back over 3 return rollers.

This model was all welded and had a bulge at the rear of the turret for a radio.

Armour Details
Turret
Front51mm@(51mm)
Side32mm@(32mm)
Rear32mm@(32mm)
Top12mm@90°(12mm)
Superstructure
Front57mm@45°(81mm)
Side28mm@(28mm)
Rear28mm@(28mm)
Top9mm@90°(9mm)
Hull
Front57mm@45°(81mm)
Side28mm@(28mm)
Rear28mm@(28mm)
Top9mm@90°(9mm)
Armour (x)mm @ (y)° (Effective mm @ 0°)
Effective Armour - Maximum 81 mm - Minimum 9 mm



Weapon Details
Flag
0.3 inch Browning Machine Gun M1919A4
(Machine Gun) x 3
Blank
ManufacturerBrowning
Manufactured1919 - 1945
Calibre7.60mm
LengthL/80
Rate of Fire480 rpm
Number of Rounds 6750
 
 
Ammunition Details
Name/Id Calibre Weight MVelocity Explosive Content
.30-06 Springfield
(BALL Standard Small Arms)
7.62mm 0.012Kg 820M/Sec
Range(Mtr)1002004008001200160020002400
Flight Time(Secs) 0.15
Penetration(mm@30°) 2
Penetration(mm@0°) 3
Hit Probability(%) 98


Weapon Details
Flag
37mm Antitank Gun M3
(Anti Tank Gun)
Blank
photo of 37mm Antitank Gun M3 from Wikipedia
History
Used against the Japanese in the Phillipines in 1941, and proved effective, however when used in the North Africa Campaign the shells bounced off the German medium tanks. This gun was also used in a number of American Tanks.
ManufacturerWatervliet Arsenal,
Manufactured1940 - 1944
Calibre37mm
Rate of Fire25 rpm
 
Ammunition Details
Name/Id Calibre Weight MVelocity Explosive Content
AP M74 Shot
(AP Armor Piercing)
37mm 0.86Kg 885M/Sec
Quoted Penetration 36mm @ 500mtr/0°
Range(Mtr)1002004008001200160020002400
Flight Time(Secs) 0.12 0.24 0.51 1.15 2.01 3.19 4.93 7.73
Penetration(mm@30°) 61 55 48 38 30 22 16 10
Penetration(mm@0°) 71 64 56 45 35 26 19 12
Hit Probability(%) 98 98 98 96 64 25 8 2



HE M63 Shell
(HE High Explosive)
37mm 0.73Kg 792M/Sec 0.039Kg explosive
Maximum Range not shown as gun elevation is limited
Range(Mtr)1002004008001200160020002400
Flight Time(Secs) 0.13 0.27 0.57 1.29 2.25 3.56 5.51 8.63
Direct Fire
Range(Mtr)1002004008001200160020002400
Flight Time(Secs) 0.13 0.27 0.57 1.29 2.25 3.56 5.51 8.63
Hit Probability(%) 98 98 98 93 57 22 3 1
Blast/Fragmentation Effects
Burst radius Infantry in open 99% kill0 mtr Burst radius Infantry in open 66% kill1 mtr
Burst radius Infantry in open 33% kill3 mtr  Armour Penetration inc roof at 1 mtr0 mm
An explosion within 1 mtr of infantry in the open will cause > 66% casualties and could damage some AFV's.
An explosion within 3 mtr of infantry in the open will cause 33% casualties.
The blast effect of this shell exploding within 1 mtr of an armoured vehicle will not cause any significant armour damage.


Weapon Details
Flag
37mm Antitank Gun M6
(Anti Tank Gun)
Blank
History
This was the Tank mounted version of the 37mm M3
ManufacturerWatervliet Arsenal
Calibre37mm
Number of Rounds 147
 
 
Ammunition Details
Name/Id Calibre Weight MVelocity Explosive Content
AP M74 Shot
(AP Armor Piercing)
37mm 0.86Kg 885M/Sec
Quoted Penetration 36mm @ 500mtr/0°
Range(Mtr)1002004008001200160020002400
Flight Time(Secs) 0.12 0.24 0.51 1.15 2.01 3.19 4.93 7.73
Penetration(mm@30°) 61 55 48 38 30 22 16 10
Penetration(mm@0°) 71 64 56 45 35 26 19 12
Hit Probability(%) 98 98 98 96 64 25 8 2



HE M63 Shell
(HE High Explosive)
37mm 0.73Kg 792M/Sec 0.039Kg explosive
Maximum Range not shown as gun elevation is limited
Range(Mtr)1002004008001200160020002400
Flight Time(Secs) 0.13 0.27 0.57 1.29 2.25 3.56 5.51 8.63
Direct Fire
Range(Mtr)1002004008001200160020002400
Flight Time(Secs) 0.13 0.27 0.57 1.29 2.25 3.56 5.51 8.63
Hit Probability(%) 98 98 98 93 57 22 3 1
Blast/Fragmentation Effects
Burst radius Infantry in open 99% kill0 mtr Burst radius Infantry in open 66% kill1 mtr
Burst radius Infantry in open 33% kill3 mtr  Armour Penetration inc roof at 1 mtr0 mm
An explosion within 1 mtr of infantry in the open will cause > 66% casualties and could damage some AFV's.
An explosion within 3 mtr of infantry in the open will cause 33% casualties.
The blast effect of this shell exploding within 1 mtr of an armoured vehicle will not cause any significant armour damage.

Hit probability is based on a static 2 x 2.4 metre panel at 0 degrees(vertical) at the range specified.

The data that has been used to create these records has come from Wikipedia, The Lone Sentry, The Bundes Archive and numerous books and websites that have provided the detailed information that has not been available anywhere else. The information we use to calculate the penetration tables, flight times and the hit probability comes from the Gun Calibre, the Shell Mass(Kg) and the muzzle velocity, plus range reductions to allow for gravity and wind resistance. This calculation originally came from a pre-war Krupp calculation which has been modified, and seems to fit the actual test results.

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